Uma análise de sangue pode vir a detetar até 50 tipos de cancro em pessoas ainda não diagnosticadas e sem sintomas da doença, de acordo com uma investigação apresentada hoje no Congresso da Sociedade Europeia de Oncologia Médica, em Paris.
O estudo, coordenado pela oncologista Deborah Schrag, apresenta-se como pioneiro no diagnóstico precoce de cancro, através de um teste de que deteta se há presença no sangue de ADN tumoral circulante, derivado do tumor e presente na corrente sanguínea mesmo antes de haver sinais da doença nos pacientes.
A investigação, realizada por oncologistas do Memorial Sloan Kettering Câncer Center (MSKCC) de Nova Iorque, baseia os seus resultados numa análise de sangue realizada em 6.621 pessoas com mais de 50 anos sem diagnóstico de cancro ou sintomas da doença.
Praticamente 99% do universo testado deu resultado negativo, ou seja, não tinha sinais de cancro, enquanto em 1,4% foram detetados sinais da doença. Ainda assim, entre esses 1,4% apenas 38% viu confirmado o diagnóstico num teste posterior.
Com estes resultados, os oncologistas entendem que a deteção precoce do cancro com um simples teste de sangue abre uma nova era para despistar a presença da doença e melhorar as taxas de mortalidade por cancro, assim como a morbilidade, mas não a incidência.
Defendem que 38% de resultados positivos naqueles pacientes é uma percentagem “boa” e um passo importante para a deteção precoce com esta ferramenta, enquanto o facto de o teste ser capaz de detetar 99% de resultados negativos supõe uma “excelente” taxa e demonstra a capacidade do teste em descartar a presença do tumor.
Depois do teste positivo levou, em média, menos de dois meses a confirmar o diagnóstico, em caso de confirmação de cancro, e cerca de três meses, quando o diagnóstico não se confirmou, sobretudo porque os médicos optaram por fazer estudos de imagem e repeti-los uma segunda vez meses mais tarde.
Uma desvantagem do teste é que os falsos positivos podem levar a uma série de procedimentos invasivos para o paciente, como endoscopias ou biópsias, mas poucos participantes no estudo os que requereram.
Isso, diz a investigação, deveria ajudar a dissipar a preocupação de que estes testes possam causar dano ao originar procedimentos desnecessários em pessoas que se encontram bem.
Os oncologistas sublinham também a importância deste tipo de teste para o diagnóstico de cancros como o pâncreas, intestino delgado ou estômago, para os quais não existem opções de rastreio generalizadas.
O tempo quente e seco que se fez sentir no domingo mantém-se “em alguns locais”, na segunda-feira, mas “prevê-se uma mudança gradual das condições meteorológicas, do litoral para o interior, com a ocorrência de precipitação forte e vento intenso”.
De acordo com o aviso, “prevê-se precipitação forte e persistente, entre os dias 12 e 13 de setembro, com acumulação significativa nas bacias hidrográficas do Norte e do Centro”.
As autoridades esperam “precipitação, por vezes forte, acompanhada de trovoada” e a possibilidade de acumulação de água significativa “em curtos períodos e rajadas de origem convectiva, em especial nas regiões do Norte, Centro e entre os distritos de Lisboa e Setúbal”.
Nas zonas costeiras, é esperada “ondulação de Oeste/Noroeste, durante o dia de hoje, com uma altura significativa até 3,5 metros, em especial na costa oeste da região Sul, e na noite de 12 para 13” de setembro.
A Proteção Civil avisa que “deverá ser dada uma especial atenção às zonas historicamente identificadas como vulneráveis a inundações e em particular em bacias hidrográficas não regularizadas e de escoamento rápido”.
Para prevenção de acidentes, é pedida à população especial atenção a estruturas que se possam soltar com o vento, à possibilidade de quedas de árvores e cuidado na circulação e permanência junto da orla costeira e zonas ribeirinhas.
A Proteção Civil pede ainda que se garanta a desobstrução dos sistemas de escoamento das águas pluviais e adoção de uma condução defensiva nas estradas devido à formação de lençóis de água e “a possível acumulação de neve” nalgumas zonas.
Apesar da previsão das primeiras chuvas fortes depois da seca, a Proteção Civil continua a alertar para o perigo dos fogos, devido ao vento e ao estado de secura da vegetação, “especialmente na região interior do Norte e Centro, onde o risco de incêndio rural se mantém nos níveis muito elevado e máximo”.
O Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) colocou todo o país em aviso amarelo, para esta segunda-feira.
Na sequência do episódio onde uma criança terá sido obrigada a ficar em tronco nu, durante o Famalicão x Benfica do último sábado, no Estádio Municipal, a Liga Portugal decidiu agendar uma reunião com os diretores de segurança de todos os clubes profissionais.
De acordo com a imprensa desportiva, o encontro terá como o objetivo sensibilizar todos os intervenientes, numa altura em que se pretende ter cada vez mais público nos estádios.
O episódio tem gerado vários comentários de várias personalidades e entidades ligadas ao universo do futebol.
A uma semana do início do nacional da primeira divisão de hóquei em patins, o FAC venceu, este domingo, o 3° Torneio António Augusto D. Matos, em Paços de Ferreira.
A equipa famalicense venceu, na final, a Juventude Pacense/Divercol, por 5-3, depois de no jogo anterior ter goleado, 7-1, a AA Coimbra.
(foto: FAC)
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